Condenser



Sept. 16, 1930. w. s. ELLIOTT GONDENS ER Filed April 15, 1925aaoaonooaooooooooo oo oionoooo nwo@ m oo una o no o oo no oo o @a uwe ow o coucou o on aaaooo Mo Q o oo s o o o u a o cocon oowoooo o o oo o oa o m. o o o .w 0 o oo oo %o ooooo non o no o anno@ aooo oucooooooooooPatented Sept. 16, 1930 TENr- OFFICE WILLIAMS. ELLIOTT, or PITTSBURGH,PENNSYLVANIA i coNnnNsnR Application filed April 15, 1925, Serial N o.23,278.

The present'inventio-n relatesy broadly to heat interchange and lliquidtreatment, and more particularly as applied to condensers of the typeadaptable for use in power plants.

and the like.

In power plant work, it isV desirable to deliver condensate fromcondensers at temperatures as high as possible, in order to therebyconserve heat-and reduce the amount of heat subsequently required forbringing the condensate to a temperature at which =it may be eiiicientlyre-used. A

It is well recognized at the present time that the air dissolved inwater is responsible, -t0 alarge extent, for the corrosion which takes.place in power plant equipment, and Vmany eiorts have been made toeffect its elimination. The solubility of airin Water is a function ofthe temperature, the solubilsoity decreasingv as the temperatureincreases.

From the standpoint, therefore, of deaeration, it is also of materialadvantage to keep thel temperature of the condensate as high aspossible, to thereby proportionately de- 2li;y crease the air content.

It has heretofore been proposed in the art to which the presentinvention relates to provide condensers of such construction that it ispossible to raise the temperature at which ao thecondensate leaves. thecondenser. While,

as before stated, the higher temperatures insure a lower air content, Ihave found that in .order to produce water having a zero oxygen or aircontent, or extremely low amounts of air it is desirable to subject thecondensate not only to higher temperature conditions of the characterreferred to, but also agitation under such conditions as to facilitateair separation. A l i In operating condensers under such conditions asto produce ahigh condensate temperature, the capacity range of thecondenser must be considered 'and conserved. For example, if free steamis utilized for raising the condensate temperature, provision must bemade for controlling the volume of steam in such manner that an excesswill not be` supplied to any zone of the condenser in such manner -as toeffect an overloading thereof with a' consequent diminution in theability of the condenser to perform that work for which it was designed.

The present invention, therefore, has for certain of its objects theprovision of a condenser operating to produce not only a hightemperature condensate, but a condensate substantially free fromdissolved or entrained air, and at the same time operating under' suchconditions that the capacity of the condenser is not impaired.

In thel accompanying drawings there is shown for purposes ofillustration only, apreferred embodiment of the present inven-. tion, itbeing understood that the drawings do not denne the limits of myinvention asV changes in the construction and operation disclosedtherein may be made without departing either from the spirit of theinvention or the scope of my broader claims.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a vertical line I-I of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view along the line II-II of Figurel, certain of the parts in both figures being shown in elevation;

Figure 3 is a detail sectional view on an enlarged scale, illustrating aportion of the bottom of the condenser, and

Figure 4L is a View illustrating in perspective a skeleton of theinterior construction of the condenser.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, lI have shown acondenser of the general construction disclosed in the patent t0 RaymondN. Ehrhart, N o, 1,522,290 granted January 6, 1925. It will beunderstood, however, that theadvantages of the invention are not limitedto a condenser of this type, but that it is adapted toa Wide variety ofdifferent condensers. Y

In carrying out the present invention there may be.Y provided acondenser of any desired construction, herein shown as having a casing 2carrying a plurality of longitudinally extending tube banks or tubenests 3. The condenser may be provided with one or more headers 4, aswell understood in the art, for controlling the delivery or discharge ofcooling waterto the tubes. With a condenser of sectional view on the Y t2o 1 7 passageifldischarges; Y i j `Cooperating withthe passagejatanygdej the character shown, cooling water may be delivered totheinlet vconnection 5 of the header 4 which will deliver the water to the`f lower tubes through which it willi-pass in;

parallel to a header Y"(not shown) Yon theop-y Coopera'tingfwithvthevfcondenserin any. j d

its upper portion f ofl vthe f condenser and terminatingshortofthevbottom ofthecasing'), ab'ovefabyi ai diaphragm i '14; havingva; plurality; .Fof-

ffcondensat'e heatingl chamber whichthe asa pump orje'jector(notshownj-.fTheolif?` tale haslinletopeningsalQ 'through theapljates`9,5 the air being directed int-o theseotalres from -if'lower portion of"the [condenser by f" ineans ofdeiiectors or b`ailiesjl3i- 2;.;."Thefcondensing zone/ofthe;condenser'may- .1strictedav(piantityofvsteam isutilizedf-orheateingthe'condensategso'that-therefis.'aethroughbe divided`V from thecondensate-chamberi101 openingsLlf for .the passage;ofacondensate:

from the ,condensing chamber ii'ntotheflcon#A densate chamber.iTheseopeningsare prefer-Y "ably positioned so as to.provideia.pluralityldensate intoa plurality vofstreams ar'ld'theree byacilitatingltheheating thereof. "The dia'- phragm is further providedwith one or more:

vided separate flow.y paths k'for thefcondensatef entering Vthecondensate chamber. ar1d=`fortheVV vapor or. gases flowing inltheopposite direc#V through theoiitalre 5 Mountedwitlil the condensadifferent thorizontal#planes are' combined wfdenaechambr'ina o'partme'nts 7- low the:l ,condensatejaleaves the condenser? in, the

Steam flowsdownwardlythroughthe. passage `7 into the compartmentTrbetweenthe trays'. tioninto the'fcond'enser -or withdrawal? fr.;compartment asindicatedbytheariOWs,(0,;

Vdmmjoer in; thereby tonding ,.dt0 isweepz anygreleased air I' t f-r'videdrfatthe-fendsofthe sl-This-steam'. heatlnb and agl'tatmg'meapsd; turn rpasses upwardlywadd travels hori `itating. f 1 means :areherein illustratedas Comprising raysectionlSandan upperftravse'cl Vtion19.'A ,The lpp' .`:1`tray sectionfdiilectlylrl l so ,eeivesf condensate;through*they openings 15,4

izont'al'ly in :the fupper lcomp artnient l: in. thydirectionindioatedfiby':the arrows (i). 'Th

intothe bottom yof the'lcondenser casing @d in turninto the hot well22.l

platesg and `io'1"n1 in. a bottom for the main po'rtigjrrofl the lengtho frtlieapass'age,7;.i Thislpartitionhas'a'substantiallycentralljlocated Y opening through which Vthev steam passes@ thelspacef flf 'betweenthe -sections of the #19,`@indicareaibyfthearfewsiae f Stoodinthwrtfam; Y Y,

' In actual operation of al condenser7 the steam i entering the 'condenserji's`r` :always at .La higher temperaturezthan the .temperatureprfef veiling lat thejbottom" of `-the f condenser ydueV 1 v to. .thedrop in fpressure1.-.throiighv r fthe; con-11:1V

denser. VVIf suiiic'ient heatcanbe added tozthe, Y`

condensate: leavingV the .condensingichamben' "sofas" to.y maintain Lin: thisijcondensate tem-V *i 1 y lyequahitothe. f 4 "ndwthecioinAperature..'equal, vor..subst'antija' l temperature oi the condenserreleased gases,'v alpartial'air.pressurejzwill be i .'--builtup which,willinterferefvvithvsuccessful`v f v l y;

dea eration.-f4 i At-the;sametfitimefif ran-.unre-j iiowfoflsteam inthecondensate:chamberythis .f steamwill pass "into fthelowerpQrtionoi` thecondenserrfand; vflood the, ftube A- `a rea gwith. free steam,V Vthereby:cutting downi the capacity 'of theicondensers: v.and zintenferingiwith(v Vits feiicientboperation; With .the construction hereinillustrated, i

ormcofra,pluralityfofijets insuch'ondition that eiicientheatinterchangemayftalefplace .This condensate then` flows'fi1i'fbr,olre1i-up conedition overa tray; surfaceand'thencei ingsin lar conditiongAover,anotherjtray f surface from such compartmenty to35tlie ,.sp aces23pm passage: f7, '.is'of-such lsize relative to! thepas-,f

rsagewayorsteam through the tube nests as i #to provide-the amount ofsteam'which theiconf: .14 ii A; L 'densate fromfthetube'nestsis'capableoi con-5125i5 i 'bhaondensate flQWlns Overlfthls tfeysectwn.;to openingsQO which discharge ontotheilowerf trayjsection;Thevcondensate in turn iow'si in broken-hp filmflikecondition? overthe'ya5.

. n intermediate support 2 7Ifo'r 'the'y co n` V be provi'ded,fa swellunderf dutyis continuously performed by the heat spondingly greatersteam flow through the passage 7 and the heater T in order to meet theincreased demands ot the condensate. @n the other hand, it the amount y,ofcondensate decreases, the steam condens- 4adjacent the tloiv terminusthrough the condenser. These tubes will be eiective t'or abstracting anyfurther heat both from the vapor and from thegases, thereby preventingthe Waste of heat through the oiltalre li.

n This automatic control ot the heating steam for the condensate is thusparticularly advantageous, as it not only prevents liooding ot thecondenser, but also always insures a suin- Ycient supply oi steam toraise 'the temperature of the condensate to the c esired point.

'Efficient deaeration requires the maintenance of definite temperatureand pressure conditions. The heater automatically operates to maintainthese conditions, and thereby insures at all times the release oi'l airand gas from the condensate.

The construction described is further advantageous in that the flow ofsteam causes any released air to be swept from the compartment Tinto thecompartment thereabove. The construction is such as to produce a counterflow ot condensate and steam of such nature that the steam tirstcontacts With the condensate in the compartment T and later contactswith the condensate in the compartment l, all or the steam supplied tothe coinpartment Lihovvever, being delivered 'trom the compartment T.This construction insures a condition in Which the major heating I, thecondensate being delivered s h heater to the heater T at a temperaturesubstantially equalto the temperature ot the neat- Ving steam. Thisoperation is advantageous as it relieves the heater T trom anysubstantial-heatingV duty, and consequently enables it to functioneiiiciently as a deaeratoi' diie to the possibility o' maintaining aloiv air tension or partial air pressure therein. By the provision ofthe heater this partial airv vpressure is maintained below that pointWhich would obtain it the heater T Were acting singly.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art, that the advantages of.the present invention arise from the provision of a condenser capable otdelivering deaerated condensate at a high temperature and operatingunder such conditions that the capacity ot the condenser is not lessenedand temperature conditions areA always maintained of such nature as toinsure etiicient air removal.,

I claim:

l. The combination with a condenser, ot a chamber receiving condensatefrom the condenser and having a deaerating tray section and a Vheatingtray section over which the condensate from the condenser flows, andconnections Jfor supplying heating steam to said tray sections inseries, with the deaerat-` ing tray section iirst receiving steam andcausing the steam to flow over both of said tray sections in directcontact with the condensate.

2. The combination with a condenser having an inlet, eta chamberreceiving condensate from the condenser and having a deaerating traysection and a heating tray section, and means forsupplying a portiononly ot the steam from said inlet to said tray sections in series, withthe deaera-ting tray section irst receiving steam. f i

3. The combination with a condenser, of a chamber receiving condensatelfrom the condenser and comprising a deaeratingcompartment and a heatingcompartment, means for passing condensate through both of saidcompartments in series in direct contact with the steam therein, andmeans for supplying heating steam to said compartment in series, Withthe deaerating compartment first receiving steam.

fi. The combination With a condenser having an inlet, of a chamberreceiving condensate from the. condenser and comprising a deaeratingcoinpartmentand a heating compartment, and means for supplying a portiononly of the steam from-.said inlet to said compartments in series, Withthe deaerating compartment first receiving steam.

5. The combination with a condenser, of aV chamber receiving condensatetherefrom, and heating superimposed trays insaid chamber producing a'flow of heating steam thereto,

said heating means providing separate iiow paths for the steam andcondensate and being eiiective for producing a steam HOW horizontallythrough said chamber in contact With the condensate for sweepingreleased air Jfrom said chamber.

Y 6. The combination With a condenser, of a chamber receiving condensatetherefrom and having a separate condensate inlet and gas oitake, andmeans including superimposed trays for supplying heating steam to saidchamber and producing a steam flow horizontally through the chamber incontact with the condensate for sweeping released gases therefrom anddelivering the same to said otltake.

7. The combination With a condenser, of a condensate chamber receivingcondensate from the condenser and having a gas oiitake, of means in saidchamber dividing the same into superimposed compartments through l In?lll1 Vfor veontaotingV withthe condensate V.both

I ffl-,89: 8, The'comloinat'oniwith'aeondenser;v i 5. heaterandadeaeratorfor the condensate Y for removing gases'from theheater." f fing saidv vChamber-.into a lower heating com- 1 v Y partment andyannpper-l heating 'comparty in directcontaotgwith the steam therein; v1

Y S l25' forA passing condensate throughs saidseotions '1 I 'is 3011.A'eondenser heating-section i l#53 andl bringing suchasteam into"Contact, with m40 fments, connectionsfor passingthepondens densateinpbothfof said compartments. f r

t( d 7,150* j s s, 4f?? 1 s. t f 21,776,020

vwhich the@ :condensatexows zin seriesand 1 meansl .forzdehvermg steamto 'said ehamben o'fs'a'd compartments.

formed thereingfsaid heater` and .dea'e''ratory l f `duidingmeansforrrehea'tlng the condensatev fjmffork Causingv'the released-vapors andgases yto thedeaerat'or into ,the heater, and connections:

9. VThe combination Wi h a oondenseryof"ai Y `15 condensate "1 vchamberlyreceiving :condensate '-ytherefrom, 'a steam'snpply forfsaidfehamh'er,-

. "af gas offtake forsadichamber7 means divid'- f 20- ment; and meansyfor sealis'ng Y the .condensate f tok How 1n series through saidcompartments if' 10. Condenser having a condensate heatf lngy sectionland,..a1deaeratingV section,YAY meansy inseriesfinthe..order name@y andmeansftor l y bringing steam 1ntoconta`et-.with the contden'psatelfnfboth of:` sald sectionsA 1n the reverse x y order. Y f 'fanda de,aerating',-sectionmeans-for passing: 'condensate throughsaidsections in 'series in.

,the lorder namedyand means for 'by-passing a Y. v portion onlyofthesteamfromthecondenser the condensatefin both Aof said sections'fi'n aj'l l renferse'order.2 i Y A12J A condenser: including superimposed.compartmentstubes above said eompart` sate'from'fthe region of saidtu'ioesVv through n saidy compartments in series, Vand means'for ;k

bringing heating steam'fromfthe'regionof i* l Y said 'tubes into directContact with-the vcon-f'y f [Intestimonyiyhereof Ij havev hereuntov set`

